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Welcome back, everyone, to this lecture, we're going to explore just some basic HTML and text.

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So we're going to do is go to our website and check out the source HTML of that website and begin to

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build an understanding of how it actually relates to the content we see on the page.

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We'll also show you how to inspect individual elements.

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Keep in mind, we're going to be using the Chrome browser for this.

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Once we understand a real website, we'll go ahead and start creating our own each HTML file.

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So in order to do that, we're actually going to check out Visual Studio code and then be able to create

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our HTML and see that file in our own browser.

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Let's get started by heading over to a browser.

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All right, here I am at Google Dot Com.

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Now let's imagine as you're taking a course, you have a question on something like an H HTML title

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text, the one we showed in the previous lecture.

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Well, what you could do is do something like each HTML title tag and then just hit enter, and you're

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often going to see two websites show up in these top links.

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You're going to see a website called W3C Schools Dot Com, and for pretty much any HTML blank tag sort

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of search, you're going to find each HTML, W3C schools and then basically an example, a definition

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and usage which browsers support it, global attributes and then examples of more things.

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And what's cool about this is you can actually click, try it yourself, and I'll have a little editor.

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You can run in your browser and see the result.

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We're going to be running our own editor that is Visual Studio Code, so you don't need to worry too

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much about this, but does like to do things like edit this, put in a bunch of text, their hit run,

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and you would see that change.

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Now the reason I mention just Google searching a question about each HTML is there's actually another

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source that often shows up in the top links, and that's developer that Mozilla thought this is the

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same people that are behind the Mozilla Firefox browser.

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And personally, I would actually recommend that as you get more and more comfortable with questions

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about how the web works and each HTML and CSS and those sort of things that you actually check out the

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Mozilla web docs as well.

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It's a lot of the same information, but it's a little more professional.

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It gives you some examples here, and I personally prefer it.

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As far as the examples and the explanations, the specifications you can see here, it is a little more

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geared towards professionals versus the school is more geared towards people who are learning.

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So eventually you're probably going to switch over to looking things up on developer that Mozilla,

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the org and clicking those links versus the W3C schools link.

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But I did want to make you aware of those actual resources for you as you begin to understand how the

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web works.

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Now let's go back to Google here, and let's check out a Wikipedia article page.

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The thing I'm about to show you won't work super well on Google because it's actually quite an advanced

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website that uses a lot of JavaScript.

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So a simpler website.

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So what I'm going to do is let's go ahead and look up Albert Einstein's Wikipedia page.

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So I'm going to go to Wikipedia, the org and check out Albert Einstein's page.

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You can see here there's a bunch of information, and you can also see that some of these are links

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to other Wikipedia pages.

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So I can click on a theory of relativity, and it takes me to that link.

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And if I notice some of these pieces of text are in larger font than others, some are in Bolt.

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Others are italicize.

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And so we'll need to understand is the browser is receiving that information of whether to make something

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a link, whether it's to make something larger or even whether to show an image somewhere that links

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to another page that is all actually being taken from the HTML.

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So I can right click and hit a view page source that's control you as a shortcut and your browser,

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if you're using the Chrome browser, should actually show you the each HTML document that your browser

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is reading for this page.

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So you can think of this as the source material, and you'll notice there's a bunch of information here.

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And as you begin to scroll down past all of this, eventually you'll see things like there's a list

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here like special, relatively general relativity, and those lists are actually later shown here on

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the page.

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You can think of this as kind of a giant list and there's other things like awards, et cetera.

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You can see here my first impression of the USA.

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So the actual text, for example, in July 1920, one that we just saw that is actually all being rendered

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on this page based off the HTML here.

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So in general, our idea is that we want to learn how to create our own HTML documents so our browser

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can end up rendering it.

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Obviously, there's a lot more going on than just simple HTML here, but you get the idea.

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The other thing I want to show you is the fact that you can inspect individual elements on this page.

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For example, I can right click on Albert Einstein and then instead of viewing the entire page source,

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I can inspect.

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And what this does is it loads up this little inspector.

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And you can see here it actually shows me in a little slightly more organized fashion as it also highlights

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things that are on the page of the actual each table about this particular element.

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So we're going to say is that this is an element and the tag is an H1 tag, which we're going to learn

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about in just a second.

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We can also see that there is actual text here of what it's showing, and I can double click on this

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and let's go ahead and change this to say something like Jose Padilla hit enter.

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And I'll look.

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The change is actually now being edited and changed by my browser.

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Now, of course, I haven't actually changed the real Wikipedia article to now say Jose Padilla.

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I've only changed the little source code that my browser loaded up when it asked Wikipedia for the initial

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information.

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The other thing you'll notice is that there's something over here on the right called styles.

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Later on, we'll learn that this is CSS that will actually dictate the styling that is things like color

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or padding or font size position, that sort of thing.

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We can think of each HTML as the content and CSIS as the styling of that content.

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There are some things you can do as far as styling is concerned and HTML things like bold text or italicized

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text.

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But for right now, we'll just keep that distinction.

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Each HTML is the content.

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CIUSSS will be the styling.

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All right.

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Now do we understand how to view the page source of a real website, as well as inspect particular elements

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on the website?

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Let's open up a visual studio code and bring in to create our own HTML files.

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OK.

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Here I am inside Visual Studio code.

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Now, the first thing you should do is somewhere on your computer that you can locate.

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Create a new folder and you can call this folder whatever you want.

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I'm going to call mine Django lectures and I'll be using it throughout the course.

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And I have this located on my desktop, so you can notice one of my recent folder locations that I have

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open is underneath my desktop.

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Django underscore lectures.

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After you create that folder, you can also open it by saying File Open Folder.

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So I'm going to select that.

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It's going to kind of reboot and open up that folder.

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And again, this Django lectures that's located on my desktop.

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So go ahead and take the time right now.

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Create a folder or directory somewhere on your computer and then open it by saying File, Open Folder

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and open that folder inside Visual Studio code.

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Once we've done that, you should be able to right click here or actually click on the icon and create

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a new file.

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So I'm creating a new file underneath this Django lecture folder, and I'm going to call it example

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dot h html and I enter, and right off the bat you can see that it has the extension.

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HTML and Visual Studio code is smart enough to understand that when you put that extension HTML, it

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says, Hey, this is an HTML file, and now I'm actually going to do syntax highlighting on this file

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to make sure that the user is aware of certain things like tags.

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So for example, if we create a heading one tab, I can say less then and you'll notice that it's already

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trying to help you on creating the HTML file.

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You can ignore that for right now, but just say this sign each one again, it's going to help you,

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and it actually has a link to the Mozilla reference, but kind of just ignoring all this extra help

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for right now.

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And then you notice once I closed that it will automatically create the closing type for you.

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So all the tags, or at least most of them are going to have an opening tag and then the relevant closing

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tag where the closing tag is noted with that forward slash.

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And so I have my opening tag in my closing tag and this is a heading one tag.

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And this is an H1 element.

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It represents a section heading.

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So what I'm going to do is just say this is a heading.

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And you notice that this is being syntax highlighted.

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I'm going to do control SE to save that change.

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And now what I want to do is actually open up this example, the HTML in my browser, and we're kind

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of curious, is it actually going to show this each one, each one?

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And this forward slash or will it just show this is a heading?

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So what I'm going to do is an example the HTML right click and you should be able to see it, says copy

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path, not copy relative path.

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We want the entire path.

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So go ahead and copy that path.

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And now on your clipboard, you should have the entire file path to that actual example that HTML.

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So you should be able to then.

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Bring in your browser and have open that HTML file, the other way to do this is to just actually double

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click on that file where it's saved on your computer and your browser should be the default option to

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open it up and we can see we have a heading.

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So what's actually going on here?

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Well, the tags are telling your browser how to actually approach this text.

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So, for example, I can also use something like a emphasise text.

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That's nice.

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Yep.

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So it's a stress emphasis, and basically it's another word for italics.

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Visual Studio code helped me out a lot by kind of autocomplete stuff.

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And in fact, if I just start typing em, I can actually enter here.

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And it's going to autocomplete that for me.

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So you're going to see maybe using the autocomplete more and more as we go out throughout the course.

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So I'm going to say I'll put in the exact same text.

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This is a heading, but we'll see that actually looks different once I save this.

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So once you save that, come back to your browser, refresh the page and I'll look emphasis, actually

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make things look italic.

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And if you had a question on, well, how does that actually work or what does emphasis actually do

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here?

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You just hover over this or select that block and then you can click the end reference.

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And it actually takes you to that reference page.

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And I click on that and my browser actually opened up the emphasis elements.

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And it's essentially, hey, just gives you emphasis, and it actually has the ability to demo.

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So browsers are so good now that they actually have technology to kind of render this little mini input

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output.

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So you can see here examples of things like paragraph, text, et etc..

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So let's go through a few of these tags that are going to be important for us.

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So we have heading one, which is an H1.

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They can keep getting smaller and smaller so they can say H2 heading to.

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They can also say something like H three.

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Again, I'm going to hit enter.

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It's autocomplete, this heading three.

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And this actually goes all the way down to heading six.

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So then I can say heading six.

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And then there's also a paragraph tag.

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So if you hit P, this stands for a paragraph tag.

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And what's important about the paragraph tag, it will actually denote when the browser should have

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a new line and start a new paragraph so I can write a bunch of text here and if I keep writing.

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Text below it it's actually super clear to the HTML, whether this is a continuation inside the same

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paragraph notice, had this text, does it actually have any sort of text surrounding it?

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So I'm going to delete that.

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Let's save these changes and see what they look like inside the browser here and now I'm going to zoom

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in on the browser just so you can really see it.

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So I'm like 250 percent Zoom.

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Then the hopefully get the idea.

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This is heading one heading two heading three, you see, to get smaller.

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This is normal paragraph text actually heading six is smaller than just normal paragraph text.

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And then we can see the emphasis here.

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Something to keep in mind is later on.

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When we learn about CSS, we're going to be able to have a lot more flexibility on things like font

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size in terms of pixel counts like a 13 14 font size, colors, italics, different fonts, etc. So

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right now, just think of this more as just the very basics of what content is available to us.

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OK, so that was me just typing out the very basic HTML element tags.

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What I'm going to do now is show you what a typical Eats HTML document is structured with.

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And you may have noticed this as you start typing D.O.C., you get this kind of little helper that says,

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OK, Doc..

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And that essentially stands for set up your HTML document.

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And you'll notice once you hit doc, you actually get what's known as the head of the HTML document

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and the body of the HTML document.

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And you may be wondering, well, what's the difference here?

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Well, the head typically contains things like links and metadata information.

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So we'll talk about that in more detail later on.

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But essentially, what this does is it informs the actual browser that, Hey, this is going to be an

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English language browser or, excuse me, English language web page.

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Why would that be important?

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Well, if this was another language, your browser, knowing you like English, may want to attempt

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to translate the text of the body on the page, so you may have noticed when you visit a foreign language

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website, Chrome browser says, Hey, would you like me to attempt to translate this for you?

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And browser knows that it's in a different language because it's detecting it based off which the HTML

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says it is.

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Now there's also more advanced technology, or Google itself is reading the contents of the page and

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can actually understand whether something's in like French, Spanish or English.

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But this is obviously very helpful for the browsers to understand the basic language that it was denoted

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in, which would be really useful if you have multiple languages on a single page, then we can also

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see those things like the title tag that also goes in the head portion of a page.

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There's other things here in the metadata that we'll talk about later on.

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We'll also later on be linking things like CSS files here in the head.

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But again, you can think of the head as just kind of more metadata about things about the page and

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then the actual content goes inside the body.

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So if you were to make an H1 heading here, it would go inside the body text.

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OK.

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And the other thing I want to point out is there's lorem ipsum so I can start typing out lorem enter.

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And it's going to make this really long piece of Latin text that's really useful if you ever find yourself

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needing to just have filler text.

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So I'm going to hit Save here, and let's refresh our page and see what happens.

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And so now I can see as a heading one, I see this entire thing of lorem ipsum text.

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Again, this just kind of Latin text here that's helpful for us.

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I have it has heading one.

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I should probably have it as just a paragraph.

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So let's mess around with some paragraph text here.

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Then I hit P, which is stands for paragraph, which is kind of quote unquote normal text, and I can

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hit lorem one time here.

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Open and close tax.

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A notice indentation in space, it's not really an issue for HTML, doesn't really care about that.

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It's just reading things based off the tags.

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Let's add a new paragraph.

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I'll say this new paragraph.

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Save those changes, come back to our page, refresh it.

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You can see here was the first paragraph.

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Then there's a new line and then the new paragraph starts.

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So it's doing that based off the tax.

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And if you're curious what's going on on this page, I could right click and then, Oops, I'm highlighting

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this.

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I could not right click view page source and I see the actual H Table code.

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So this is the same thing that we saw on the Wikipedia page, except now it's our own HTML code.

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All right.

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So that's it for this lecture.

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I just want you to get the idea that we're going to end up structuring these HTML documents with head

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and body.

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Later on will be kind of more strict about this as we begin to learn about each HTML.

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So that's super important to include head and body and everything.

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But just keep that in mind.

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You're going to see us use this more and more.

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But the main thing to understand is that there's a bunch of different types of tags which define different

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types of content on the HTML.

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And it's HTML really only cares about the stuff that's in between the opening and closing tags.

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The opening closing tags just gives information of where or how to display that particular text in between

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those tex.

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OK.

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Thanks.

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And I'll see you at the next lecture.

