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Welcome back, everyone, to the final topic for the section, which is connecting to templates, which

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will lead us into the next section where we have a much deeper dive into templates and syntax for that.

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So realistically, we don't want to have to manually type out each HTML code or HDP responses, insider

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views that pie file instead.

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We would like to separate out all our templates that has all those HTML files into a separate directory

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and then have the views be able to communicate between this directory and render the templates.

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So it's kind of a two way street because we want to be able to understand where the actual HTML files

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are.

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And then we also want to be able to insert information into those template files.

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Now connecting to a template directory does require us to inform the Django project settings where to

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find these templates, and in this simple example, we're actually going to store all the templates

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at a project level.

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But keep in mind, this is actually kind of an unusual way to do things is just for demonstration purposes

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only.

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Later on in the next section, the course will actually explore how to store templates on a Django application

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level, which is typically the recommended way of doing things that way.

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All your templates associated with an application are grouped together inside that application folder,

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but for right now, we're going to explore a little bit of how Django Settings actually works.

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So in this lecture, we're going to create a new templates directory, we'll do it at the project level

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again.

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Later on, we'll learn how to do it at an application level.

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We'll create an example each HTML file, then we'll connect that each HTML file to a view.

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And then we're going to explore how to actually inform the Django project, where to find this template

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directory inside of its settings that pie.

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So let's head to Visual Studio code and get started.

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OK, here I am.

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Views the pie that we've already been playing around with, as well as URLs that pie inside our first

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underscore app to simplify everything.

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I'm going to delete all the views that we have so far, as well as this article's dictionary, and I'm

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going to remove those URL patterns.

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And let's kind of start from scratch showing you how to connect a URL to a view then to a template.

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So what I'm going to do here is simply say path.

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I'll set this as empty and then I'm going to say views dot simple underscore view, which means I need

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to find a function called simple view inside of used up pie.

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I'm going to save that change and recall this is essentially going to our domain dot com forward slash

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first app.

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What view that we actually want to show here?

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That's going to be the simple view function.

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So I save that change.

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Go back to the user pie and let's actually create that simple view.

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Note this needs to match exactly how it was written.

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So this is going to take in a request.

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And then what we're going to do is we are going to use the render function and we have to return this.

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So we're going to say return the render and this is where you import from Django that shortcuts import,

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render and render can take in a bunch of arguments, but it's mainly just the HDP request, the template

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name and then the context.

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We'll talk a lot more about context later on, but context is what is passed back to that actual template

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file.

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So the request is just a request.

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I was passing into simple view and then the actual template name is something we have to decide.

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So I'm going to leave that blank for now because we're going to explore that in just a second.

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So what I need to do is actually say, Hey, there's some HTML file somewhere inside my directories,

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where should I actually point it to?

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So we're going to expand our explore here.

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This is where you have to be really careful, where you actually create in this ongoing collapse first

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app and collapse my site.

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And what I'm going to do is in the exact same directory that managed is in.

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So the very top my site, I'm going to create a new folder.

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And we are going to call it templates has to be this name templates.

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And again, this is at a project level kind of unusual to do it this way that an application template

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lives all the way at the project level.

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But just keep in mind, is kind of the simple way to do it before we actually learn about migrations.

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Next, what I'm going to do is inside of templates for a little bit of organization or create a new

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folder that will match the name of my application, which is first app and then inside a first app,

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I'll create a new file.

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Which will be.

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Called example thought each HTML.

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So note where this is living, it's under my site templates first app example HTML.

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It's not underneath this my site with settings, not pie, URLs, views, et cetera.

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Instead, it's living all the way at the manage that pie.

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So the very top level I create as templates.

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First example HTML.

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Later on, we'll do things this way.

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But right now, this kind of simplest way to actually render a template.

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So you should be able to type out doc, and then it will automatically fill in this HTML templates and

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let's create an H1 header that just says something like example each HTML.

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Connected.

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Save that change.

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And now we need to do is tell Django, Hey, I want you to connect to this HTML file for this view.

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So this is going to be inside the string first underscore app.

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Forward slash example.

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Dot h html.

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And then we are going to save this.

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We still have to actually tell Django where to connect and find this template files.

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But before we do that, actually, I want to show you the error that happens when you do not connect

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them that way, you can understand that error message.

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So what we've done so far is I've created a view, and again, this connects to domain dot com for slash

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first app, and our case is just one two seven zero zero one.

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That's asking, Hey, give me the simple view.

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Simple View says no problem.

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I take in that request, and then I render first app example that each HTML and that lives here under

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my site templates.

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First app example the HTML.

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So you can see where that line of first app example is.

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HTML it's coming from.

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It's here, first app example each HTML.

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The question is how is Django actually going to know to look for it inside this particular templates

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folder?

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Well, we haven't actually told it yet, so we're going to do is see what happens when we actually run

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this by saying Python.

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Managed up by Ron Server.

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Hit enter.

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So now it's running, I'm going to bring in the actual website.

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One two seven zero zero one 8000 and then we're going to ask for first underscore app.

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And you should get an error.

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It should say, Hey, this template doesn't exist, but as you develop in Django, you'll often get

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this sort of weird pass error where it says, Hey, sorry, I can't find the template.

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And the best way to debug this is a scroll down here.

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There's this super useful template loader postmortem, which is essentially saying, Hey, Django tried

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loading a bunch of templates and it's search the bunch of folders, and I could never find this actual

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first app example each HTML that you told me to find.

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And if you scroll down here, you'll notice it actually reports back where it's searching, which is

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super useful when you're debugging where your templates are.

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So you can see it tries loading this first one and this is a default location, or it's trying to load

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stuff, which is the admin templates that come actually built in to Django.

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So it has built in templates for administration.

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And you'll notice it also has built in templates for authorization tools.

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So it said, Hey, I tried searching for this.

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An example HTML first app inside admin for slash or slash templates.

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I kind of find it.

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I also tried off templates and I couldn't find it.

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So what we need to do is actually add on this directory of templates that we just made to the settings

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that py file again later on.

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We won't do it at a project level, do it at an application level.

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But just keep things simple right now, I'm going to open up the settings that py file underneath my

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site.

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So I'm open up settings about pie, and there's two things I want you to be aware of here.

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The first one is this list of installed apps you'll notice those admin and authorization apps are already

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installed by default in settings that pie.

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Later on, we'll need to add our own applications to this list of installed apps, for example, right

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now.

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First app is technically not an installed app, so we'll have to use migrations and install that application

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later on in the next section of the course in order to set everything nicely so that templates can live

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within their own applications.

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But right now, we're going to kind of skip that step to go in a simpler direction, which is a project

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level template folder.

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And if you scroll down here, eventually, you should see templates.

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So templates is this list that contains this dictionary?

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Scroll down a little to further, which contains this dictionary, which says, Hey, I'm going to look

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for things in my default back end Django templates.

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But if you want, you can tell me any other directories.

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You want Django to search for templates, and you can also say our application directories OK to look

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for template folders.

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So this is eventually we're going to be using.

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We're just going to say, hey, automatically do this for the applications, but for right now, we're

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going to do it.

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And the main reason I want to do it this way is that you feel very comfortable just going into the settings,

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not py file and you understand what's actually going on here.

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So put simply, the settings that PY file contains this templates variable.

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And then of that, you can tell it, Hey, I want you to look at these locations for directories, for

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templates.

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And so what we're going to do here is at the very top.

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You notice they automatically builds out what's known as a base directory for you, and we can actually

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use that in order to join it with our Templates folder.

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But to do that, we have to say import.

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OS x OS or operating system is this library that's built in Python that allows us to quickly join together

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paths automatically so that we I don't need to worry if your folder names are different than my folder

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names.

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When I finally deploy and export this project, they should just work.

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So Base Directory here, that's building out your base directory where everything lives.

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What I want to do is join the base directory with my current template directory.

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So I come down here.

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And I'm going to do the following inside of directories.

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I'm going to say o-C.

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That path that join.

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And I'm going to join out my base directory with.

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The templates folder I just created, so I say templates forward slash.

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So what's actually happening here is you're telling Jane go, hey, there's some other directories I

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want you to check when looking for templates, and it's going to be my base directory, forward slash

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templates, forward slash.

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And then you can hopefully see the example here that would then be forward slash.

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First up, for example, each HTML, which is exactly where the slips my site templates, for example,

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each HTML, you technically have the capability to have it point to anywhere on the server or on the

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computer of Hey, you should look at this folder as well for templates.

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There's going to be some issues revolving around how you should actually structure these and named these,

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but we'll talk about that in the next section.

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For right now, what I want you to feel comfortable with is the idea that you understand inside the

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settings that PDF file that you're telling Django.

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Here are the directories that I want you to check as well, and you can see you could add in many more

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directories to check.

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And we're going to do is come back here where it says, Hey, I can find that template refresh, and

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now you can see example.

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Each HTML has been connected.

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OK, so we've been able to successfully connect an HTML template file to a view.

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We haven't done anything by passing information to that template yet.

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That's what the next section is for.

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But I want to quickly review everything that we just did.

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So inside are URLs that py file at the application level.

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I said, Hey, go ahead and set up this simple view that's going to show up at domain dot com forward

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slash first app then because simple view exists there.

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I can't.

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The views that I created this simple view function it takes in a request and then we learned about a

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new function, which is this very convenient rendering function that takes in the request.

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And then where that h html actually lives, where is that template later on will actually be able to

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present context to this HTML file?

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Now, jingo, by default, didn't actually know where this HTML file was.

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So we came to settings, and by using a little bit of python, we said Import OS and then take the base

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directory path, go ahead and join it with the templates path.

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And that's going to essentially tell you, Hey, this is the long string for the directory location

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that I want you to check for templates.

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OK.

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So that's it on the very basics of connecting to a template again.

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Later on, we're going to do this in a different fashion.

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But in order to do that, we'll have to learn about how to install applications, as well as how to

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do migrations and then set directories up differently.

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But hopefully you get an idea of what is now possible, which we're going to explore in the next section.

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OK, thanks.

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And I'll see it at the next lecture.