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Welcome back, everyone.

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In this lecture, we're going to focus on a user specific page, almost like a user profile page that

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only logged in user should be able to view their own specific profile, basically giving them authentication

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and ownership over a single page.

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To do this, we're going to add in some new attributes to one of our book instance classes or models.

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That way, we can actually associate a book instance to a specific user, essentially checking out a

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book, so to speak.

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Let's do this inside our code.

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All right, here I am, back inside our code editor in order to actually connect a book instance to

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a user.

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What I need to do is edit my models a little bit.

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So recall if I go to models that pie and scroll down.

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I have the book and then I have if I scroll down a book instance.

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Remember, the book instance is a unique book that is a actual physical copy.

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So it's not just something like Catcher in the Rye, it's actually copy number one of Catcher in the

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Rye.

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And there can be copy number two of Catcher in the Rye, etc..

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So what would be nice is if I could associate a book instance to a specific user, especially if it's

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checked out, then it makes sense.

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So let's actually do this.

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I'm going to add in a new class attribute called, let's say, borrower.

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So bar is going to be equal to models dot.

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And then we have to decide, is this a foreign key or is this something like a many to many relationship?

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Well, if you think about it, a single book instance should only have a single borrower.

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So this is more akin to a foreign key relationship because it's a one, two, one, really, a physical

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copy of a book should only be able to be borrowed by one particular user.

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So we're going to say foreign key relationship.

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Now, the other thing to point out here is that how do we actually connect this to a user?

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Well, we already know, based off our previous discussions and exploration of documentation, that

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I can actually just import the user model.

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So basically, in any that profile inside of Django, I can say from Django dot contrib dot off the

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model's import user and that gives me access to the user model.

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Notice it's not being used yet, so I need a scroll down here and pass it in as a foreign key relationship

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that I have to decide what happens if you delete this.

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So.

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If I were to delete this particular user, then I was going to set it to NULL.

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So I'll say sitting on.

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And that means I need to say null is equal to true.

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So it can't actually be Noel.

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And we should also be able to leave this blank in case nobody has ever checked out this particular instance

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of the book.

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Now, remember, whenever you start updating your models that profile, you need to run migrations.

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So that means I'm going to essentially kill what I have going on here.

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And then we're going to say.

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Python.

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Let me clear this up.

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So, Python.

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Manage that pie.

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Make migrations.

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So we can see I added field borrower for the book instance and let's say Python.

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Manage that pie migrate.

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Okay, so it looks like everything worked well there.

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If you got an error, you're going to want to check back and make sure you wrote this borrower line

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correctly.

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Essentially links a user as a foreign key to a specific book instance.

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So now we should be able to do is visit her admin page and actually connect a particular book instance

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to a user.

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Eventually you would build out pages to make this all form based, so the user would go fill out a form

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in this particular instance, etc. maybe a dropdown list, maybe a list view for all the book instances,

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etc., using queries.

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But right now we're going to do this the admin, so we don't make like a thousand pages here.

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So we say Python manage that pie.

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Run server.

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And now our website is running.

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All right.

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So let me bring in our home page.

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Something to note is you should be logged out before visiting the admin right now.

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Basically, the admin is working with the user authentication system.

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So if you visit the admin page but you're logged in, you'll get a warning from Django saying you're

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already authenticated as another user.

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Would you like to log in as someone else?

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So let's go to forward slash admin here.

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It's time to log in.

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You have to use the credentials based off the super user you created.

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I think I created one called my admin, so let me fill out those credentials.

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If you forget this, you can always create another superuser at the command line.

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And here we go.

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So now I see authors, book instances, books, genres, languages.

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I also see users.

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So if we take a look at users, for example, I have the super users admin and my admin, and then I

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also have my user and my user too.

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Let's go with my user here and then they have the password active, etc..

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User Permissions Important Dates.

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Last Login Date Join.

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But you notice right now I actually want to connect this user to a book instance.

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So then I could come to book instances and I only have one book in my library.

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So if you want you could add more instances.

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But I have an instance here of super mystery, so let me click on this one and I'm going to select that

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my user has borrowed it.

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So now I could say, okay, it's on loan, so let's go ahead and save this.

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So you'll notice right now that this particular book instance, essentially the only book inside our

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library here, is being borrowed by my user.

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So what I want to do is set up a page where my user can log in and then actually see the books that

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they've checked out.

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So that's all we need to do in the Django Admin page.

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Obviously you could do this using forms and selecting model forms, etc. and have it be done on a page,

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which is eventually what you want to create.

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But for right now, we'll save those steps and just do it through the admin console.

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I have faith in you that by the time you've reached this part of the course, you know how to do that

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sort of thing, connecting models and making views for them.

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So I'm just going to simply say, log out here and I've been logged out.

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Click here to log in and I'm going to log in as my user.

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My password.

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I think it was one, two, three.

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Here.

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Perfect.

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So now I'm logged in as my user.

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What I want to do now is set up a template and view for actually doing a query and seeing, well, what

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books do you have checked out?

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So that's the final part of this little exercise here.

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So I'm going to come back here.

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And then let's go ahead and set that up.

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So what I want to do is set up a template and also set up a view.

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There's lots different ways we could do this, but it probably makes sense to use a generic list view

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where I just run a query of book instances and actually filter them based off the user.

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So there's different ways you could do this.

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You could do a query based off the user and grab their books.

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But I think it actually makes more sense to take advantage of the list view.

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That way you can actually do it from a book instance perspective.

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So that will actually make our life a little simpler as far as defining the view.

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So we're to come back to views mixture at the top where you have create view and detail view that you

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import list view.

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So let's create this view.

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And remember, I've also imported the log and required mixing.

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So someone should have to be logged in to view this.

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So we're gonna do the following, I'm going to say.

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Class.

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And we'll say checked out books, let's say, by user view.

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So kind of a long name here.

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You don't need to do it this long.

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The login is required.

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And I'm also going to inherit from list of you.

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Okay.

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So that means someone needs to be logged in to view this page.

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That's exactly what I want.

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I don't want to show them something else.

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I just want to redirect them to the login page if they happen to check for their checked out books.

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And I also want to make sure it's a list view, wireless view, because the point here is in general,

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I'm just going to list all book instances, but I will filter.

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Based off currently.

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Logged in user session.

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So how do I do this?

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Well, I first thing to connect it to a model which already know is my book instance model.

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So we have to make sure we imported that.

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So come all the way to the top.

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You'll notice from the models I have book instance imported here.

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So that looks like it's good to go.

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So I connected it to the model.

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Then I need to connect it to the template name that I'll eventually create for this.

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So we'll say catalog forward slash and let's actually just call this profile for each HTML.

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We can decide on a better name for it later on.

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And then if you want, depending on how many books you've created, you can also use page eight.

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By what page rate means is how many pages or how many instances do you want to show per page?

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So if I set this, for example, equal to five, that means I would show five book instances per page.

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This is a super easy to use attribute in case you and the pooling a ton of records.

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For example, if this person happens to have checked out 1000 books, we don't want a giant huge doom

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scroll page, a thousand books and say it will say five books per page and they can keep doing their

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pagination through that.

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Okay.

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Finally we have the actual query set.

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So I want to override the default query set.

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We talked about this a little bit in class based views, but for a list view, the default is just to

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query every single book instance.

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But I only want to do it for a specific user.

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So we'll do the following.

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We'll say the f get and it is query.

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Set our overwrite method here and we're going to delete some of this code here.

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So it's going to say get query set and then I have to return the actual query.

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I want to be executed, which means I want to look up my book instance, models, objects, and then

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I'm going to run a filter.

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Where my filter is equal to where the borrower.

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Is equal to make sure we spell that right.

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So the borrower field is equal to self dot request, dot user.

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So what's actually happening here?

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Remember, each view has this request which is living inside the session and the user's actually inside

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that request object.

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Essentially all that means is when a person is logged in and they're able to reach this template profile

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that HTML, then their request as they visit that page is going to have their user information.

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So I can actually grab that here in order to filter, book, instance, objects, filter, etc. And

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then if I want, I could order it by something.

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And just for clarity, I like putting.

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All here after that filter.

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But if you want, you can just leave it blank as well and do something like quarter by, etc..

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Okay.

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So we have book instance objects, filter it based off where the borrower is equal to self that request

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user.

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Okay, so let's save that.

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And finally, let's go ahead and connect it with a URL and a template.

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So I'm going to come back to my URLs that py for catalog.

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And we're going to say path.

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Let's just say it's profile.

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Forward slash and then this is views that and it's the kind of crazy name Chuck that books by user view

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and then I just need to call it as a view.

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There we go.

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Name and let's make it profile.

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So we'll save that.

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Don't forget your commas as you add more things to your patterns.

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And now let's create that profile.

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Templates will say you file profile the HTML and this is where it's actually connected to the books.

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So what can we do here?

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Well, it's actually going to pass in a list.

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So by default, remember the list view passes in something that is the name of the model like.

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Book instance.

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Let's make sure I spelled this right.

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It's going to be something like book instance, the name of the model underscore list as a single underscore

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there.

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That is what's actually passed in using the query.

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So it's model underscore list, which is the generic.

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Let's pass then for list view.

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If you didn't notice, this is the kind of thing I would look up in the documentation all the time.

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So let's check it out.

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I'm going to say.

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Welcome to your profile.

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Remember, it already has a log in required mixing, so I don't need to do anything of something like

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check out the users authenticated here because recall in my views I'm already making sure that they

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can only visit this page if they're logged in, which is nice.

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That means I don't need to say if users authenticate or anything like that.

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So we'll say welcome to your profile H2.

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Here are your books checked out.

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And then finally zooming in here a little bit so you can see this.

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So welcome to your profile.

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Here are your books checked out.

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And then let's go ahead and say for make a full list here for book in.

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And this is again, it's the name of the model lowercase book instance and then underscore list.

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And then I can just create a little list here so we can do something like, um, or make a little paragraph

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tag that gives the actual book.

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So I could do something like that that actually just passes in the book.

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Now I have to take a look at what our string representation is of an actual book.

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So if we've got a model stop by a book instance, do we actually have a string?

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It's just self ID, self book title.

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Okay, I think that should be fine.

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And obviously you could grab more information from that book object as we continued.

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So let's see if we didn't commit any bugs, we should probably have maybe something like an L statement

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that says, Hey, if this person doesn't have any books, it actually just instead of just saying,

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Here are your books checked out blank, you'll say something like, You have no books borrowed, etc.

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But it should be pretty okay given what we have here.

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So I'm coming back to my home page.

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I'm already logged in as my user in the admin.

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I already set that up.

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And so now what I'm going to do is go to catalog forward, slash profile, hit enter.

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Now I see.

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Welcome to your profile.

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Here are your books.

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Check out the unique I.D. and then super mystery.

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So it looks like everything's working.

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So what we did that's different in this particular lecture is I was able to actually log in as a user

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and see a page that is hyper specific to me as my specific user.

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And I don't need to worry about things like authentication.

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That's actually happening on the template side because I'm making sure to do that on the view side.

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Let me do a quick review of the steps we had to do to get here.

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So step number one was I had actually established a relationship between one of my models and a user.

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So whenever you're doing this sort of thing, there should be a relationship between the user and whatever

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model you actually want to show.

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That is for a foreign key connection.

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If you just wanted to show that user information, like just a user profile page, then you technically

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don't need to do what we did here.

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You just directly grab that user class object.

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So that's totally okay here.

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Remember, it's easy enough to do.

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You just had to import it and then you could just say, okay, I have a profile page.

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It says welcome user dot name and we actually have showed you how to do that user, that username,

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etc. We actually did that in the index page.

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Next, what I had to do is come to views that pie.

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And then as I mentioned, it's typically easier to think about this from the model perspective that

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is not the user.

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So we say something like, okay, think about book instances and then specify the query set to match

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that user requirement.

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This is typically the easier way to think about things.

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I could have gone a different way and said something like Do a user and then try to do a search for

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all their books so it would be like user and then grab all their book instances, etc. You can even

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try a template based approach for something like that.

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Just say book that checked out instances or whatever the user profile is.

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But that kind of requires you to begin to set up your own custom user where they actually have attributes

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associated for another model, which, given the way we could find it as a foreign key, it's easier

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to think about it from the book instances perspective and just filter off of that.

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So I'd recommend you do this approach as you continue your studies of Django, so to speak, and then

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we set it up with a template name and we just had to look up in the documentation to remember, okay,

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it's going to be the model underscore list for a generic list view and you can obviously continue to

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edit this.

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All right.

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That's it for this lecture.

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Thanks.